Search results for "2010/02/2011/04/2009/10/writing-and-power"
Markku Jokisipilä & Janne Könönen: Kolmannen valtakunnan vieraat. Suomi Hitlerin Saksan vaikutuspiirissä 1933–1944 [Guests from the Third Reich. Finland in the sphere of influence of Hitler’s Germany 1933–1944]
20 February 2014 | Mini reviews, Reviews
Kolmannen valtakunnan vieraat. Suomi Hitlerin Saksan vaikutuspiirissä 1933–1944
[Guests from the Third Reich. Finland in the sphere of influence of Hitler’s Germany 1933–1944]
Helsinki: Otava, 2013. 602 pp., ill .
ISBN 978-951-1-26881-9
€37, hardback
Germany had long been a great power with close historical ties to Finland, and when Hitler took over in 1933 the bond was still largely intact. Some Finnish cultural and scientific figures admired the new Germany and accepted its ideology, whereas the views of many Finland’s soldiers were influenced by the help received from Germany during the Civil War of 1918 and by the threat from the neighbouring Soviet Union. During the Winter War of 1939–40, when the Soviet Union attacked Finland and Germany was formally a Soviet ally, relations cooled. After the Winter War politicians sought support from Germany for reasons of Realpolitik, in preparation for another conflict. When the Germans invaded the Soviet Union during the Continuation War of 1941–1944, they sent military supplies to Finland and troops to the country’s north. Cultural relations with the Baltic superpower flourished. Hitler’s attendance in 1942 at the birthday party of Marshal Mannerheim (well known to be an Anglophile) was a spectacular display of Finnish-German friendship. However, no persecution of Jews took place in Finland. When it became obvious that Germany would be defeated, even the Nazis’ enthusiastic friends distanced themselves from them, and in the Lapland War of 1944–45 the German soldiers were driven out of Finland. The book provides a vivid and comprehensive reminder of a time when many Finns put their trust in Hitler’s Germany and were flattered to receive its attention.
Translated by David McDuff
Mikko Rimminen & Kyösti Salokorpi
Beastly beatitudes
31 December 2001 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
From Hämärä luonto. Aamunkoista Yön tuhmaan lintuun (niiden käyttäytymysestä ja elämästä yleensä) (’Natura Obscura. From the Moth of Dawn to the Naughty Bird of Night. On their behavior and life in general’, Tammi, 2001. Illustrations by Tatu Tuominen)
Anas cummea
Rubber duck
There are three species living on Earth which, it can be assumed, will survive a possible nuclear catastrophe: the cockroach, the rat and the rubber duck. Of these, the rubber duck is perhaps the most durable. Nothing affects it.
As soon as it emerges from the shell, the rubber duck secretes around its down an insulating layer of gum elastic for it cannot survive among bacteria or other non-mathematical creatures. Here begins the journey toward perfect self-sufficiency.
When young, the rubber duck looks at the world from behind its transparent membrane, protected from causes of disease, bad influences and modern poetry. With age, the rubber layer strengthens and becomes cartilaginous. Finally, the rubber duck lives alone in its own microcosmos, where there are no inter-species competition, nest-usurpers or elephant seals that mishandle their young. On the other hand, it has no room, either, for sunsets, litters of furry soft toys, or the lusty touch of lovers.
Sometimes the rubber duck finds itself in an existential panic: is there anyone, anything, outside the insulating layer? And does it itself exist? Who is speaking? Wrapped up in these thoughts, it reels around, bouncing from one bath to another, one season to the next. More…
Gorgonoids
31 March 1993 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
From Matemaattisia olioita tai jaettuja unia (‘Mathematical creatures, or shared dreams’, WSOY, 1992). Introduction by Soila Lehtonen
The egg of the gorgonoid is, of course, not smooth. Unlike a hen’s egg, its surface texture is noticeably uneven. Under its reddish, leather skin bulge what look like thick cords, distantly reminiscent of fingers. Flexible, multiply jointed fingers, entwined – or, rather, squeezed into a fist.
But what can those ‘fingers’ be?
None other than embryo of the gorgonoid itself.
For the gorgonoid is made up of two ‘cables’. One forms itself into a ring; the other wraps round it in a spiral, as if combining with itself. Young gorgonoids that have just broken out of their shells are pale and striped with red. Their colouring is like the peppermint candies you can buy at any city kiosk. More…
Close encounters
31 March 2003 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
Stories from Konservatorns blick (‘A conservator’s gaze’, Schildts, 2002). Introduction by Fredrik Hertzberg
Unmarried and randy in a hotel foyer
The hotel foyer in Baghdad was swarming with people as anxious to advertise themselves as westerners at the opening of an art exhibition. I bumped into a man who quickly introduced himself, handed me his card and wondered whether I had an engagement that evening.
‘No,’ I said, truthfully.
‘Then kindly come home with me at nine,’ he said, with a florid gesture in the direction of my breasts.
‘No thank you,’ I answered. ‘I do have an engagement, I’ve just remembered.’ More…
Skiing in Viipuri
31 March 1993 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
An extract from Vanhempieni romaani (‘My parents’ story’, 1928–30). Introduction by Kai Laitinen
One of my earliest memories of my parents, Alexander and Elisabet, is a scene from early spring that must be located somewhere in the vicinity of Viipuri [Vyborg], in those distant times [the 1860s] when the young couple, having moved from St Petersburg, had lived for only a few years in Finland, where my father held the post of director of the topographical district.
I remember a glorious walk with my father and mother.
Alexander had his skis with him. Elisabet held us both by the hand, Kasper and me. We had come out to see Papa ski. Our other brother, Eerik, was still too small for such expeditions, and had been left at home.
Presumably Mama, too, saw downhill skiing for the first time on that occasion, and she was amazed to see how it was done, standing, with one foot on each ski.
Mama was wearing a tight half-length fur coat; on her head she had a brownish-grey fur hat whose top part was made of dark red velvet.
I remember the steep, snow-covered slope, which our cheerful mother good-humouredly helped us climb, carrying each of us in turn, from time to time setting us down in the deep snow, in which we sank up to our waists. In places the snow was so hard that we could run along it as if along the floor.
I remember that dazzling, bright slope as if it were yesterday. The snow glitters with sparkling brightness. One cannot keep one’s eyes open. The snow has a yellowish sheen, like the sun itself.
Papa is wearing a pale grey officer’s greatcoat with silver buttons; on his head is a dark military fur hat, and on his feet shining knee-boots. Now he pushes with his skisticks and sets off down the slope. His downhill speed is terrifying, even though he is standing up on his skis. On reaching the plain, he grows smaller and smaller, and, finally, is only a dot, far, far away. What a long time we had to wait before he came back to us!
Mama was greatly thrilled and amazed. But she was astonished that Papa dared stand up on his skis, when he could have sat.
To make the long wait shorter, Mother invented a game for us to play. She dug nests in the snow, and we crouched in them. She went behind a bushy juniper, hooked her fingers frighteningly in front of her face, and pretended to be a bear. We squealed and burrowed deeper into our nests. Growling, she crawled out from behind the juniper.
This was fun. We forgot Papa completely, and did not notice him until he was back on the slope. Once back at the top, he pointed his skis downhill again and shouted for Mama. He wanted her to stand on the skis behind him and hold on to the belt of his greatcoat, so that they could ski down the slope together.
Mother was full of laughter and panic. Covering her eyes with her hands, as if afraid even to contemplate such danger, she fairly squealed with terror. Papa had already put on his skis, and merely asked Mama to hurry up.
‘Ni za chto, ni za chto!’ cried Mama, waving her arms as if to protect herself. That meant that she would not for any price consent to such a reckless action. ‘No, no, no, no!’
Papa shook his head to try to make Mama ashamed of her cowardliness, saying, what will the boys think of having such a cowardly mother!
But this had no effect. She merely turned away, and a crease began to appear between Papa’s eyes, something that we boys always took note of, however far we were from him. And I think Mama would have noticed it, too, if she had not happened to be turned away.
‘Come on!’ said Papa, in a voice that made Mother glance at once toward him. And now, of course, she abandoned all her objections. She did as we would have done. Without showing any hesitation, she went bravely up to Papa, placed herself on the skis behind him and gripped the belt of his greatcoat.
And Papa said: ‘just hold on tight, and start to step with me, first with your left foot, then your right, one, two, one, two…’
Papa spoke in a decisive voice that one could not imagine anyone disobeying. And they began to move forward. We stood a little lower down and watched their descent. Papa speeded them onward, helping with both his sticks.
As they reached the slope and the skis began to slip forward under their own power, Mama’s head was hunched between her shoulders and her eyes were tightly shut. Clearly she was preparing to throw herself into the maw of the world’s greatest danger, come what may!
Excitedly, we watched the extraordinary spectacle. They sped past us at a furious speed. Papa and Mama together! Together for once, and skiing, which meant they were playing a game! We had never seen anything like it. At home they were nearly always in different places, one in the kitchen and by the beds, the other at the office and in his study, where we were not allowed to go when Papa was at home. But now they were skiing together, and even Papa could laugh, because this was a game! We were carried away with enthusiasm. Could there be anything more exciting or exhilarating! My chest swelled with joy, and I would have liked to shout and scream, for no reason, or to turn somersaults, over and over, head buried in the deepest snow.
But what was this?
Just as their speed was at its greatest and they were about to reach the plain, we saw them fall over. Their speed threw them apart. Mama spun around in the snow, with a flash of white underclothes. Papa stayed where he was, but he too had turned head over heels in the snow. And one of his skis ploughed far, far on, on to the plain.
Mama must have guessed that we were frightened, for she leaped up and started waving to us, cheerfully shouting, ‘Coo-ee!’, and began to hurry back towards us. Papa set out on one ski to fetch the other one. But even so, they arrived back at the top of the hill at the same time. Mama’s progress had been slowed by her excessive laughter. When he reached her, Papa had begun animatedly explaining something to her, and perhaps it was this that made her laugh, or perhaps the fact that the snow was so soft that she often sank into it up to her waist. At times she was so helpless with laughter that, on foot in the deep snow, she was forced to lean against the frozen snow-crust. This exasperated Papa, but that only made Mama find their fall even funnier.
When they reached the top of the hill, Mama could no longer make out, through her laughter, what Papa was trying to say to her. Then Papa turned to us, and we realised that he was not really angry at all. He only wanted to absolve himself from blame for the fall. He wanted to make it clear that Mama had been pulling him backward with all her strength. The faster they went, the more Mama had tried to slow them down, until in the end she pulled both of them over. We understood this explanation perfectly well, and both of us, with manly solidarity, took Papa’s side.
He started to demand that Mama should climb up on the skis again.
And, strange to say, Mama seemed quite happy to do so, as if she, too, thought it was fun.
But nothing came of it. Apparently one or other of her sons had, after all, been so frightened by the recent somersault that, as Mama climbed on to the skis once more, he burst into tears. And, to cheer him up, Mama began to amuse him. Began to pretend to scold and threaten Papa, and push him off his skis with one of the sticks. Papa, too, was inspired to make believe. As Mama poked him, he pretended to fall over in the snow. Then it was his turn to attack Mama. And now Mama seemed to fall over. But Mama got her own back, breaking off a branch of juniper and approaching Papa menacingly. Now Papa pretended to take flight. He skied off down the slope at speed, but made a sudden turn halfway and climbed up again. What an excellent skier he was!
This make-believe fight amused us so much that we almost split our sides with laughter. The funniest thing was to see Papa being frightened of Mama! Could there be anything more ridiculous: Papa running away from – Mama! Again I wanted to shout for joy and turn a somersault in the snow.
But most hilarious of all was to see them romping together in so unruly a fashion, pushing each other into the snow and wrestling each other off balance.
No other memory from those times has remained as bright and clear to the last detail as this apparently insignificant scene. And yet it casts light on the blackest darkness of succeeding years, a completely solitary memory, as if it had gathered all light to itself, and extinguished all other sources with its brilliance.
Why should one particular memory outshine all others and become the most important experience of childhood? With the best will in the world, I cannot understand why it alone, and no other, engraved itself on my memory. In order to explain something in the future?
I cannot think other than that the memory has survived because of the unforgettable feeling of joy that was awakened in us by my parents drawing companionably closer in their unruly games.
Other parents too, if they knew how such a sight would delight their children, might play together more often.
Translated by Hildi Hawkins
A perfectly ordinary day
30 September 1997 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
Extract from the novel Kello 4.17 (‘The time was 4.17’, WSOY, 1996). When time loses its meaning, real fear strikes like an iron glove. Aho writes about a man who is different but no outcast
I was lost to myself, if it is possible to be lost if you haven’t gone anywhere. Black birds curved through my mind and it felt as if no one needed me, no one or nothing: my mother bought clothes and make-up and did not seem to care; Uncle Lasse looked after the family business, steam coming out of his head, and kept shopkeepers and shopaholic customers happy; smiling bank managers slapped shy loan applicants encouragingly on the back, the gross national product grew without me having anything to do with it, or because I didn’t; and politics plodded onward as the mud squelched comfortingly. The machine of society hummed and ticked and Finland was as round and fat as a bomb. I looked at it and nothing changed, and on Sundays it was so quiet that you could look out of the window and see the Sahara.
The honey of the bee
30 June 2005 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
A short story from the collection Mitä sähkö on (‘What electricity is’ WSOY, 2004). Introduction by Jarmo Papinniemi
Five days before I was born my grandfather reached sixty-six. He’d always been old. The first image I have of him gleams like a knife on sunny spring-time snow: he was pulling me on my sledge over hard frost under a bright glaring-blue sky. In the Winter War a squadron of bombers had flown through the same blue sky on their way to Vaasa; the boys leapt into the ditches for cover, as if the enemy planes could be bothered to waste their bombs on a couple of kids. Be bothered? Wrong: kids were always the most important targets.
Now it’s summer, August, and I’m sitting on the grassy, mossy face of the earth, which is slowly warming in a sun that’s accumulated a leaden shadiness. I’m sitting on my grandfather’s land. It’s the time when the drying machines buzz. Even with eyes shut, you can sense the corn dust glittering in the sun. Even with eyes shut, you can take in the smell of the barn’s old wood, the sticky fragrance of the blackcurrants barrelled on its floor, the tins of coffee and the china dishes on the shelves, and the empty grain bins; there’s the cupboard Kalle made, with its board sides and veneered door, and the dust-covered trunk that was going to accompany my grandfather to another continent. The ticket was already hooked, but Grandfather’s world remained here for good. When Easter comes we’ll gather the useless junk out into the yard and burn it; Grandfather’s travel chest will rise skywards. Grandfather stands in the barn entrance, leaning on the doorpost. He’s dead. Over all lies a heavy overbearing sun. Beyond the field the river’s flowing silently in its deep channel. At night time its dark and warm. More…
Elmo’s fire
30 June 2008 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
Extracts from the novel Elmo (WSOY, 1978)
After returning to Finland and Kainalniemi, Elmo got to feel like a celebrity. The various sport clubs were insufferably keen on getting Elmo into their training rings, but Elmo rebuffed them. He had belonged to Kainalniemi Sweat since he was a little boy, and that was enough for him. His mind was occupied by other matters. In the end, even his mother and father began to wonder at his attitude.
‘Why don’t you just go, since they keep asking, and since you do seem to have some talent in that direction,’ his mother urged as she made Sunday coffee from the can Elmo had brought as a gift.
‘Right. Somewhere down the road you could snatch a few gold medals out from under the noses of the others, just for the hell of it,’ his father said. More…
An evening with Mr Popotamus
31 March 2004 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
‘Hippopotamus’, a short story from Kävelymusiikkia pienille virtahevoille (‘Passacaglia for small hippopotami’, Tammi, 1958). Introduction by Tuula Hökkä
Someone came gasping up behind me at high speed, stopped, and thrust a bundle under my arm, whispering hoarsely and agitatedly: ‘Keep hold of this, hide it! They’re after me –’ And before I’d woken up to what was going on he’d disappeared round a corner.
I was holding a warm living creature, a hippopotamus. Presumably stolen from some zoo or some private person who loved hippopotami; perhaps the man was a sailor and had brought the animal from abroad.
However it was, the hippo needed a safe place. I decided to take it home; I’d had cats and dogs, hadn’t I? – and once a little marmot. I’d always longed for a giraffe. OK, a hippo was just as good. After all, I could put an ad in the paper later: ‘Found: a hippopotamus. Hippo returned on production of identification marks.’ More…
Front-Line Tourists
30 September 1976 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
An extract from the novel Nahkapeitturien linjalla (‘On the tanners’ line’, 1976)
Paavo Rintala (born 1930) published his first novel in 1954 and since then has brought out a new book almost every year. A merciless critic of the myths surrounding certain national figures and events, he has written about Marshal Mannerheim, against attempts to glorify war, and the ‘inevitability’ of Finland’s involvment in the German Barbarossa plan. He has made considerable use of reportage technique to produce anti-war documentaries and in more recent years worked with international subjects.
His books have been widely translated and are popular in East and West Europe. Paavo Rintala’s novel Sissiluutnantti (‘Commando Lieuenant’, Otava 1963) and its reception were the subject of a book by the ltterary critic Pekka Tarkka (Paavo Rintalan saarna ja seurakunta. ‘Paavo Rintala’s sermon and congregation’, Otava 1966). Paavo Rintala is chairman of the Finnish Peace Committee. The passage below is taken from Nahkapeitturien linjalla (‘On the tanners’ line’, Otava 1976) in which he again turns his attention to the war years. Rintala looks at the events of the years leading up to the war and the course of the war itself through the eyes of many different people – from the leading politicians of the day to the ordinary soldier.
The novel has already been acclaimed as the monument to the ‘unknown soldier’ of the Winter War.
Hessu duly presented himself at the Viipuri office of the Army Information Department (Visitors’ Escort Section), where it was implied that the expected visitors were Very Important People and that a singular privilege was being conferred upon Hessu and such front-line troops that the party might visit. Although His Excellency Field-Marshal Mannerheim made it a rule never to allow front-line visits by ordinary journalists or even by special correspondents, these gentlemen were, it seemed, such influential people that H.E. had agreed to their visit without demur. “You understand, Padre, what a great responsibility this will be for you? These are very high-up people.” More…
Riku Korhonen: Nuku lähelläni [Sleep close to me]
28 February 2013 | Mini reviews, Reviews
Nuku lähelläni
[Sleep close to me]
Helsinki: WSOY, 2012. 300 p.
ISBN 978-951-0-39305-5
€29.90, hardback
Contrary to the more agreeable expectations that might be prompted by its title, this book is dominated by the image of a masked anarchist raising his hand in a cloud of teargas. Korhonen (born 1972) is an analyst of social problems who in his most recent novels has expanded his field of vision from the realities of suburban Finland to the global centres of money and power. This novel, his fifth book, offers a pessimistic picture of Europe today. The collapse of the economy has left people with an inner sense of emptiness and anger. A young man travels to a central European financial centre to collect his brother’s corpse. The dead man had a management level job in banking, but his body is discovered with an anti- globalisation protest mask on its face. Analysis of the world situation is combined with elements of a detective thriller. The novel’s love affair is likened to a business deal: capital, profit and risk are equated with desire, hope and sorrow. This anti-capitalist metaphor is a typical theme of contemporary Finnish prose fiction.
Translated by David McDuff
The train
31 March 1995 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
Extracts from the novel Koe (‘The experiment’; WSOY, 1994). Interview by Tuva Korrström
In the morning a wild rose tapped beseechingly at the window, the wind sighed in the shaft of the chimney, the entire house creaked, pregnant with so great a longing that they had to awaken.
And as soon as they began to speak to each other, the house settled.
‘I should like to see the train,’ Sari said.
‘Why?’
‘Because that is the reason why I am here.’
‘I didn’t plan it like that,’ Kari said. More…
Brief lives
30 September 1989 | Archives online, Fiction, Prose
Rosa Liksom’s characters live in the tiny villages of empty Lapland, speaking a dialect that rings oddly in the ears of the southern Finnish majority; or they may inhabit anonymous towns, but there, too, life is full of the anguish of existence. Liksom, whose black comedy can be compared with that of the Danish writer Vita Andersen, is able to cram into her short texts complete life histories, bizarre, comic or tragic. Her first volume of short stories, Yhden yön pysäkki (‘One night stand’) appeared in 1985; the following short stories are from Tyhjän tien paratiisit (‘Paradises of the open road’, 1989)
We got hitched up the 14th of November and by the end of the month it was all over. As far as I’m concerned call it a marriage exactly two weeks too long. We hadn’t set eyes on each other till the Pampam that’s the place me and the girls go after work for a drink and I was sitting there having one with them when who comes through the door but this bloke and it hits me. That bloke’s for me. In the end I went over to his table and said up yours stud. We went over to my place to bunk down and after that I couldn’t get the sod out. The bloody shitbag got his claws into me and hung on just on the strength of that one night. He glued himself to my bed. Lay there flat out when I set off to work and shit he was still there when I came back only arse up this time. More…